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KMID : 0381219700020080039
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Journal of RIMSK
1970 Volume.2 No. 8 p.39 ~ p.41
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URINE FINDINGS IN THE CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
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Abstract
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Urine findings are essential to the diagnosis of the chronic renal failure, but they very widely depending upon the activity of the disease and the stage to which it has progressed. _n uremic state, there is nothing strictly characteristic about the urine findings.
As a general thing, small amounts of protein and a few casts may for many years be the only evidence of abnormality. Red blood cells are encountered in the sediment intermittently and in important relation to the degree of activity. Hematuria, either gross or microscopic, is usually always a grave sign during the courses of the disease. Cases in which a nephrotic phase occur may excrete large amounts of protein with few or no red blood cells. It may be difficult, and at times impossible, to dist nguish this situation from true nephrosis.
As the disease progresses the volume of urine becomes greater. Its specific gravity shows a diminishing fluctuation and finally becomes fixed between 1. 004 and 1. 010. When this point has been reached, the excretion of cells and albumin may be decreased. In the uremic state, urine volume is decreased below the minimum normal, and complete anuria may be present. Even in those instances in which renal insufficiency has produced a low fixed specific gravity to rise during the terminal episode.
The protein and cellular constituents are those characteristic of the renal pathology and not of the uremic state itself. As consequence of starvation and fluid loss, the urine contains acetone bodies, but usually not in quantities so great as those found in the urine of diabetic patients.
The most important urine findings in chronic renal failure are:
(1) Continued proteinuria of variable degree; (2) Intermittent hematuria; (3) Progressive failure of concentration and dilution.
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